Drowning victims will be able to scream for help and struggle visibly, thrashing and splashing loudly in the water.
Contrary to Hollywood depictions, drowning is often a silent and subtle process. Due to the 'instinctive drowning response,' victims are physiologically unable to call for help or signal distress. Their airway is at water level, preventing shouting. They appear to be treading water and may go under without warning. Lifeguards and rescuers must recognise these quiet signs.